{"id":132185,"date":"2025-11-04T15:29:32","date_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:29:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/articles\/limits-fits-guide\/"},"modified":"2025-11-07T15:05:26","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T14:05:26","slug":"limitler-gecmeler","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/limitler-gecmeler\/","title":{"rendered":"Delik ve Mil Ge\u00e7me Toleranslar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<div role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler\" class=\"simpletoc wp-block-simpletoc-toc\"><h2 class=\"simpletoc-title\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"simpletoc-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#h-limitler-ve-gecmelerin-onemi\">Limitler ve Ge\u00e7melerin \u00d6nemi<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-tolerans-araliginin-genisligi\">Tolerans Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Geni\u015fli\u011fi<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-it-sinifi-tablosu-nasil-okunur\">IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 Tablosu Nas\u0131l Okunur?<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-tolerans-siniflarinin-genel-uygulamalari\">Tolerans S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n Genel Uygulamalar\u0131<\/a>\n\n\n<ul><li>\n<a href=\"#h-toleranslara-ulasma-surec-ve-maliyet\">Toleranslara Ula\u015fma: S\u00fcre\u00e7 ve Maliyet<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#h-tolerans-araliginin-konumu\">Tolerans Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Konumu<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-delik-bazli-ve-mil-bazli-sistemler\">Delik Bazl\u0131 ve Mil Bazl\u0131 Sistemler<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-delik-bazli-sistem\">Delik Bazl\u0131 Sistem<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-mil-bazli-sistem\">Mil Bazl\u0131 Sistem<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-gecme-tipleri\">Ge\u00e7me Tipleri<\/a>\n\n\n<ul><li>\n<a href=\"#h-bosluklu-gecme\">Bo\u015fluklu Ge\u00e7me<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-ara-tip-gecme\">Ara Tip Ge\u00e7me<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-sikismali-temasli-gecme\">S\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 (Temasl\u0131) Ge\u00e7me<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#h-gecme-belirlemek-icin-tasarim-kontrol-listesi\">Ge\u00e7me Belirlemek \u0130\u00e7in Tasar\u0131m Kontrol Listesi<\/a>\n<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<p>M\u00fchendisler, birle\u015fen silindirik yap\u0131lar\u0131n tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in limitler ve ge\u00e7meler ad\u0131 verilen standart bir toleransland\u0131rma sistemi kullan\u0131r. Bu sistem, bir delik ve bir mil i\u00e7in izin verilen boyut de\u011fi\u015fimini ve bu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin bir araya gelerek nas\u0131l bo\u015fluklu, ara tip veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7meleri olu\u015fturdu\u011funu tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu makalede <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/obp\/ui\/#iso:std:iso:286:-2:ed-2:v1:en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ISO 286-2<\/a> terminolojisi ge\u00e7erlidir; <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.ansi.org\/standards\/asme\/ansiasmeb41967r2009?srsltid=AfmBOoqzyojFoJMHs23NHpVGnzE0YwNnvx2Ou2FQ9AV1V_cfEaIKquuM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ASME\/ANSI yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/a>, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ifade farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 prensipleri kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-limitler-ve-gecmelerin-onemi\"><strong><strong>Limitler ve Ge\u00e7melerin \u00d6nemi<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok montajl\u0131 d\u00fczenekte, sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile maliyetli ar\u0131za aras\u0131ndaki fark mikrometrelerle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hi\u00e7bir proseste her seferinde tam \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler elde edilemez.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Limitler ve ge\u00e7meler sistemi, mil ve delik gibi birle\u015fen par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in kabul edilebilir boyutsal farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunar. Bu standardizasyon, m\u00fchendisler, \u00fcreticiler ve kalite ekipleri taraf\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131labilen evrensel bir dil olu\u015fturur. Bu sayede tedarik\u00e7iler, proses kabiliyetlerini (tolerans s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131) m\u00fc\u015fterilere iletebilir ve tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar tam i\u015flevsel gerekliliklerini belirleyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu sistemin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, bir\u00e7ok temel m\u00fchendislik hedefine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Birbirinin yerine kullan\u0131labilirlik<\/strong>: Farkl\u0131 \u00fcretim partilerinden veya tedarik\u00e7ilerden gelen par\u00e7alar\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde monte edilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130\u015flevsel Performans<\/strong>: D\u00fczg\u00fcn hareket, y\u00fck aktar\u0131m\u0131, s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k veya dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in do\u011fru bo\u015fluk veya s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Maliyet Kontrol\u00fc<\/strong>: A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 toleransland\u0131rmay\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hassasiyetle ili\u015fkili gereksiz \u00fcretim maliyetlerini \u00f6nler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Montaj Kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>: Par\u00e7alar\u0131n kayd\u0131rma, basma veya \u0131s\u0131yla ge\u00e7me (\u0131s\u0131tma ve so\u011futma) gibi ama\u00e7lanan y\u00f6ntemle birle\u015ftirilebilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>G\u00fcvenilirlik ve G\u00fcvenlik<\/strong>: A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gev\u015feklik, mekanik gerilim, a\u015f\u0131nma, titre\u015fim veya s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 gibi sorunlardan kaynaklanan ar\u0131za riskini azalt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tutarl\u0131 Kalite<\/strong>: Muayene ve par\u00e7a kabul\u00fc i\u00e7in net ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir standartlar olu\u015fturur.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A\u00e7\u0131k \u0130leti\u015fim<\/strong>: Tasar\u0131m, \u00fcretim ve kalite kontrol\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki belirsizli\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131ran evrensel bir dil (ISO\/ANSI&#8217;ye g\u00f6re) sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tolerans-araliginin-genisligi\"><strong><strong>Tolerans Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Geni\u015fli\u011fi<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Limitler ve ge\u00e7meler, her \u00f6zellik i\u00e7in <strong>izin verilen bir boyut aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> tan\u0131mlar. Bir delik ve bir mili e\u015fle\u015ftirdi\u011finizde, aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flikleri, gev\u015fekten s\u0131k\u0131ya ge\u00e7menin \u00f6zelli\u011fini veya limitler ve ge\u00e7meler terimleriyle <strong>bo\u015fluk, ara tip ve s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (temas\u0131)<\/strong> belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/talasli-imalat-tolerans-standartlari\/\">Toleranslar<\/a> bir <strong>harf + say\u0131<\/strong> olarak yaz\u0131l\u0131r (\u00f6r. bir delik i\u00e7in <strong>H7<\/strong>, bir mil i\u00e7in <strong>k9<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n    <aside class=\"article-content-aside\">\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/gdt-geometrik-boyutlandirma-ve-toleranslandirma-nedir\/\" class=\"aside-image sidebar__aside-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/shutterstock_1567792027-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"engineering drawing, geometric dimensioning and tolerances\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/gdt-geometrik-boyutlandirma-ve-toleranslandirma-nedir\/\" class=\"aside-link\">GD&amp;T: Geometrik Boyutland\u0131rma ve Toleransland\u0131rma Nedir<\/a>    <\/aside>\r\n    \n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Say\u0131<\/strong>, <strong>Uluslararas\u0131 Tolerans S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r (IT s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131)<\/strong>. Bu say\u0131, tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <strong>geni\u015fli\u011fini<\/strong> belirler ve aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n nominal de\u011fere g\u00f6re nerede bulundu\u011fundan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Harf<\/strong>, aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n <strong>konumunu<\/strong> belirler; harfleri daha sonra ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Limitler ve ge\u00e7melerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, bir boyutu <strong>25 mm \u00b1 0,15 mm<\/strong> \u015feklinde de belirtebilirsiniz; bu, o bant i\u00e7inde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen t\u00fcm boyutlar\u0131n muayeneden ge\u00e7ece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. IT s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131, ayn\u0131 fikri nominal boyuta ba\u011fl\u0131 tek bir say\u0131 ile daha \u00f6zl\u00fc bir \u015fekilde ifade eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek.<\/strong> <strong>40 mm<\/strong> nominal boyutlu delik i\u00e7in <strong>IT7<\/strong> se\u00e7ildi\u011finde <strong>25 \u00b5m (0,025 mm)<\/strong> geni\u015fli\u011finde bir aral\u0131k elde edilir. Bu geni\u015flik, nominal de\u011ferde merkezlenebilir (\u00b112,5 \u00b5m) veya daha sonra se\u00e7ece\u011finiz harfe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yukar\u0131 veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kayabilir. S\u0131n\u0131f <strong>yaln\u0131zca<\/strong> geni\u015fli\u011fi belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Limitler ve ge\u00e7meler sistemi <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IT_Grade\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Uluslararas\u0131 Tolerans S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131<\/a> kullan\u0131r. Tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda oldu\u011fu gibi tek bir say\u0131 ile belirtilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"605\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tolerance-chart-1024x605.jpg\" alt=\"ISO 286-2 Uluslararas\u0131 Tolerans (IT) S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 Tablosu, tolerans\u0131 nominal boyuta g\u00f6re \u03bcm ve mm cinsinden g\u00f6sterir.\" class=\"wp-image-131321\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tolerance-chart-1024x605.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tolerance-chart-300x177.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tolerance-chart-768x454.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tolerance-chart.jpg\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-132185\" data-caption=\"ISO 286-2&#039;ye g\u00f6re Standart Uluslararas\u0131 Tolerans (IT) S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131. IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 (say\u0131) ve nominal boyut (solda), tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n toplam geni\u015fli\u011fini belirler.\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tolerance-chart.jpg\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><em>ISO 286-2&#8217;ye g\u00f6re Standart Uluslararas\u0131 Tolerans (IT) S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131. IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 (say\u0131) ve nominal boyut (solda), tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n toplam geni\u015fli\u011fini belirler.<\/em><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-it-sinifi-tablosu-nasil-okunur\"><strong><strong>IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 Tablosu Nas\u0131l Okunur?<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Tablo, bir par\u00e7an\u0131n nominal boyutunu bir IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ba\u011flayarak toplam tolerans geni\u015fli\u011fini tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu i\u015flemde, par\u00e7an\u0131n <strong>Nominal boyut<\/strong> aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 sol taraftaki s\u00fctunlarda bulunur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 40 mm \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki bir delik <strong>&#8220;&gt; 30&#8221;<\/strong> ile <strong>&#8220;\u2264 50&#8221;<\/strong> mm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na girer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu sat\u0131rda se\u00e7ili <strong>Uluslararas\u0131 Tolerans S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 (IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131)<\/strong> s\u00fctununa gidildi\u011finde tolerans geni\u015fli\u011fi g\u00f6sterilir. 40 mm\u2019lik par\u00e7am\u0131z i\u00e7in IT7&#8217;yi se\u00e7mek, toplam tolerans geni\u015fli\u011fini 25 \u00b5m (veya 0,025 mm) olarak verir. Daha y\u00fcksek toleransl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131flar (IT12 ve \u00fczeri) i\u00e7in birimler mikrometreden (\u00b5m) milimetreye (mm) de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu <strong>IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 yaln\u0131zca geni\u015fli\u011fi tan\u0131mlar<\/strong>, konumu tan\u0131mlamaz. 40 mm&#8217;lik bir delik i\u00e7in 25 \u00b5m geni\u015flik bir\u00e7ok \u015fekilde uygulanabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>40 mm \u00b10,0125 mm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>40 mm +0,020 \/ -0,005 mm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>40 mm +0,025 \/ -0,000 mm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu 25 \u00b5m aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <em>konumu<\/em>, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bnoktas\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan harfle (H7&#8217;deki &#8220;H&#8221; harfi gibi) belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle, tolerans s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilirli\u011fi hakk\u0131nda biraz bilgi verelim.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tolerans-siniflarinin-genel-uygulamalari\"><strong><strong>Tolerans S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n Genel Uygulamalar\u0131<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131\/ S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Hassasiyet Seviyesi<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tipik Uygulamalar ve \u00d6rnekler<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT00-IT01<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ultra Y\u00fcksek Hassasiyet<\/strong><\/td><td>Genel tabloya dahil edilmez. Tipik \u00f6rnekleri aras\u0131nda optik d\u00fczlemsel elemanlar ve baz\u0131 havac\u0131l\u0131k-uzay veya yar\u0131 iletken ara\u00e7 tak\u0131mlar\u0131 bulunur.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT1-IT4<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Son Derece Hassas<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Y\u00fcksek do\u011frulukta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131, hassas \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131 ve bilimsel optik ekipmanlar i\u00e7in. Bu uygulamalar g\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fchendislik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda nadirdir.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT5<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u00c7ok Y\u00fcksek Hassasiyet<\/strong><\/td><td>Toleranslar\u0131n minimum olmas\u0131 gereken hassas montajlar (ge\u00e7meler) i\u00e7in uygundur. Tipik \u00f6rnekleri aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek hassasiyetli di\u015fliler veya millere monte edilmi\u015f di\u015fliler bulunur.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT6-IT7<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Y\u00fcksek Hassasiyet (Yayg\u0131n)<\/strong><\/td><td>Montaj, hareket ve hava ge\u00e7irmezlik i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek hassasiyet gerektiren ge\u00e7meler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Tipik \u00f6rnekleri aras\u0131nda standart mil yataklar\u0131, yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan ara tip veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7meler, orta ve y\u00fcksek hassasiyetli di\u015fliler, hidrolik bile\u015fenler ve motor krank mekanizmas\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131 bulunur.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT8-IT9<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Orta Hassasiyet<\/strong><\/td><td>Hassasiyet talepleri y\u00fcksek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda. Tipik \u00f6rneklerleri aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hassasiyetli ara tip ge\u00e7meler, bo\u015fluklu ge\u00e7meler (\u00f6zellikle bi\u00e7im\/konum sapmalar\u0131n\u0131n telafi edilmesi gereken yerlerde) ve orta h\u0131zl\u0131 miller i\u00e7in destekler bulunur.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT10<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Orta\/D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Hassasiyet<\/strong><\/td><td>\u00dcretimin basitle\u015ftirilmesinin esas oldu\u011fu ve montaj\u0131n daha fazla gev\u015fekli\u011fe izin verdi\u011fi durumlarda yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Uygulamalar IT8-IT9&#8217;a benzerdir, ancak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hassasiyettedir.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT11-IT12<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Hassasiyet (Kaba)<\/strong><\/td><td>B\u00fcy\u00fck bo\u015fluklar gerektiren ve geni\u015f bir tolerans\u0131n kabul edilebilir oldu\u011fu montajlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rnekler aras\u0131nda kapaklar, flan\u015flar, presler ve tar\u0131m makinesi par\u00e7alar\u0131 gibi kritik olmayan bile\u015fenler bulunur.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IT13-IT18<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u00c7ok D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Hassasiyet (\u00c7ok Kaba)<\/strong><\/td><td>Hassas olmayan par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in. \u00c7o\u011fu \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f \u00fcretim y\u00f6ntemi daha y\u00fcksek hassasiyet sa\u011flayabildi\u011finden, bu s\u0131n\u0131flara s\u0131kl\u0131kla ba\u015fvurulmaz. \u00d6rnekler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131sal \u00e7elik i\u015fleri, kaynaklar, d\u00f6k\u00fcmler ve madencilik makineleri bulunur.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-toleranslara-ulasma-surec-ve-maliyet\">Toleranslara Ula\u015fma: S\u00fcre\u00e7 ve Maliyet<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda, s\u0131rayla her bir i\u015fleme operasyonuyla hangi tolerans s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0130\u015fleme tipi<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tipik IT s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131*<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Laplama, honlama<\/td><td>IT4\u2013IT5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Silindirik ta\u015flama<\/td><td>IT5\u2013IT7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Y\u00fczey ta\u015flama<\/td><td>IT5\u2013IT6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Elmas torna \/ delme<\/td><td>IT5\u2013IT6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bro\u015flama<\/td><td>IT5\u2013IT7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Raybalama<\/td><td>IT6\u2013IT10<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Torna<\/td><td>IT7\u2013IT13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Delme (Delik delme)<\/td><td>IT8\u2013IT13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dik \u0130\u015fleme (Freze)<\/td><td>IT10\u2013IT13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Planyalama ve \u015fekillendirme<\/td><td>IT10\u2013IT13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Delme (Matkapla)<\/td><td>IT10\u2013IT13<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>*Ger\u00e7ek kapasite boyuta, malzemeye, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 tutucusuna, tak\u0131m durumuna ve at\u00f6lye uygulamas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u0131zl\u0131 bir inceleme ile, standart CNC <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/cnc-torna-genel-bakis\/\">tornan\u0131n<\/a> <strong>IT7<\/strong> aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na ula\u015fabilece\u011fi, <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/cnc-dik-islem-hakkinda-her-sey\/\">frezelemenin<\/a> (dik i\u015fleme) ise genellikle <strong>IT10<\/strong> ila <strong>IT13<\/strong> aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tornadaki bu daha y\u00fcksek do\u011fruluk, <strong>delik bazl\u0131 sistemin<\/strong> (ki bunu biraz sonra ele alaca\u011f\u0131z) genellikle mil bazl\u0131 bir sisteme tercih edilmesinin temel nedenidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1296\" height=\"1260\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-203.png\" alt=\"Nominal tolerans (mm ve in\u00e7 cinsinden) darald\u0131k\u00e7a \u00fcretim maliyetindeki \u00fcstel art\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6steren grafik.\" class=\"wp-image-131334\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-203.png 1296w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-203-300x292.png 300w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-203-1024x996.png 1024w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-203-768x747.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1296px) 100vw, 1296px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-203.png\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-132185\" data-caption=\"\u00c7elik par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in nominal toleransa g\u00f6re g\u00f6receli \u00fcretim maliyetini g\u00f6steren \u00f6rnek grafik. Daha s\u0131k\u0131 toleranslar, ta\u015flama ve honlama gibi daha pahal\u0131 i\u015flemler gerektirir ve maliyet, par\u00e7an\u0131n nominal boyutu ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak artar. Resim kayna\u011f\u0131: https:\/\/www.cnccookbook.com\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-203.png\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u00c7elik par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in nominal toleransa g\u00f6re g\u00f6receli \u00fcretim maliyetini g\u00f6steren \u00f6rnek grafik. Daha s\u0131k\u0131 toleranslar, ta\u015flama ve honlama gibi daha pahal\u0131 i\u015flemler gerektirir ve maliyet, par\u00e7an\u0131n nominal boyutu ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak artar. Resim kayna\u011f\u0131:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnccookbook.com\/the-high-cost-of-tight-tolerances\/\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnccookbook.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cnccookbook.com<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki grafik, y\u00fczey i\u015fleme hassasiyeti ile \u00fcretim maliyeti aras\u0131ndaki \u00fcstel ili\u015fkiyi g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu grafi\u011fin bir \u00f6rnek oldu\u011funu ve nominal boyutlar\u0131 g\u00f6stermedi\u011fini belirtmek \u00f6nemlidir. Bu ayr\u0131m \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc (+\/- 0,063 mm gibi) ayn\u0131 toleranslar\u0131 korumak, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck nominal boyutlarda daha zor hale gelir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 100 mm \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki bir milde bu toleranslara ula\u015fmak, 30 mm \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki bir mile g\u00f6re daha zor ve maliyetlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha s\u0131k\u0131 toleranslar, \u00fcretim maliyetlerinde h\u0131zl\u0131 bir art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7ar. Bunun nedeni, ince ta\u015flama, laplama ve se\u00e7ici yeniden i\u015fleme gibi ard\u0131l i\u015flem prosesleri i\u00e7in gereken ek s\u00fcre, kurulum ve muayenelerdir. Maliyet \u00fczerindeki etki, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck nominal boyutlar i\u00e7in de daha fazlad\u0131r; \u00f6rne\u011fin, \u00d8100 mm&#8217;lik bir milde \u00b10,063 mm&#8217;lik bir tolerans\u0131 korumak, \u00d830 mm&#8217;lik bir mile g\u00f6re daha zorlu ve maliyetlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tolerans-araliginin-konumu\"><strong><strong>Tolerans Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Konumu<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>IT S\u0131n\u0131f numaras\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, <strong>H7<\/strong>&#8216;deki &#8216;7&#8217;) tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <em>geni\u015fli\u011fini<\/em> tan\u0131mlarken, harf (\u00f6rne\u011fin, &#8216;H&#8217;) IT S\u0131n\u0131f numaras\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, <strong>H7<\/strong>&#8216;deki &#8216;7&#8217;) tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <em>geni\u015fli\u011fini<\/em> tan\u0131mlarken, harf (\u00f6rne\u011fin, &#8216;H&#8217;) nominal boyuta g\u00f6re <em>konumunu<\/em> tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck harfler<\/strong> (\u00f6r. H, G, K) delikler (i\u00e7 \u00f6zellikler) i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harfler<\/strong> (\u00f6r. h, g, k) miller (d\u0131\u015f \u00f6zellikler) i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>ISO sisteminde bu harf, <strong>temel sapmay\u0131<\/strong> g\u00f6sterir; bu da tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nominal \u00e7apa veya \u201cs\u0131f\u0131r \u00e7izgisine\u201d g\u00f6re nerede <em>ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em> belirtir. Bir\u00e7ok yayg\u0131n ge\u00e7mede delik i\u00e7in <strong>H<\/strong> ve mil i\u00e7in <strong>h<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r; bu, tolerans s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan birinin tam olarak nominal boyutta ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2121\" height=\"2283\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/chart.jpg\" alt=\"Delik (A-ZC) ve mil (a-zc) tolerans konumlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren, ISO limitleri ve ge\u00e7meleri i\u00e7in temel sapmalar\u0131n grafi\u011fi.\" class=\"wp-image-131359\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/chart.jpg 2121w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/chart-279x300.jpg 279w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/chart-951x1024.jpg 951w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/chart-768x827.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2121px) 100vw, 2121px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/chart.jpg\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-132185\" data-caption=\"Delikler (a) ve miller (b) i\u00e7in temel sapmalar. Harf, tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r \u00e7izgisine (nominal boyut) g\u00f6re ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bkonumunu (en yak\u0131n limit) tan\u0131mlar. IT S\u0131n\u0131f numaras\u0131, aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n toplam geni\u015fli\u011fini belirler.\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/chart.jpg\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Delikler (a) ve miller (b) i\u00e7in temel sapmalar. Harf, tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r \u00e7izgisine (nominal boyut) g\u00f6re ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bkonumunu (en yak\u0131n limit) tan\u0131mlar. IT S\u0131n\u0131f numaras\u0131, aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n toplam geni\u015fli\u011fini belirler.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The chart above shows the fundamental deviations for each letter. The letter <em>only<\/em> defines this starting Yukar\u0131daki grafik, her harf i\u00e7in temel sapmalar\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Harf <em>yaln\u0131zca<\/em> bu ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bnoktas\u0131n\u0131 (s\u0131f\u0131r \u00e7izgisine en yak\u0131n limit) tan\u0131mlar. \u00c7ubu\u011fun toplam &#8220;uzunlu\u011fu&#8221; (tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131) yine IT S\u0131n\u0131f numaras\u0131 (\u00f6r. IT7) taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu kavramlar\u0131 bir <strong>40H7<\/strong> deli\u011fi i\u00e7in bir araya getirelim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nominal Boyut:<\/strong> 40 mm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H (Harf):<\/strong> &#8220;H&#8221; i\u00e7in temel sapma 0&#8217;d\u0131r. Bu, nominal boyutta alt limiti (<strong>EI<\/strong> veya <em>\u00c9cart Inf\u00e9rieur<\/em>) belirler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>7 (Say\u0131):<\/strong> IT S\u0131n\u0131f tablosundan (30-50 mm i\u00e7in), IT7 25 \u00b5m <em>geni\u015flik<\/em> verir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>40H7<\/strong> tolerans b\u00f6lgesi b\u00f6ylece tamamen tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olur. Alt limit 40,000 mm&#8217;dir (EI = 0 \u00b5m) ve \u00fcst limit (<strong>ES<\/strong> veya <em>\u00c9cart Sup\u00e9rieur<\/em>) 40,025 mm&#8217;dir (ES = +25 \u00b5m).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2250\" height=\"1067\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/nominal-size-vs-basic-size.jpg\" alt=\"40 mm nominal boyuta g\u00f6re 40H7 delik ve 40k6 mil i\u00e7in tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma grafi\u011fi.\" class=\"wp-image-131384\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/nominal-size-vs-basic-size.jpg 2250w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/nominal-size-vs-basic-size-300x142.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/nominal-size-vs-basic-size-1024x486.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/nominal-size-vs-basic-size-768x364.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2250px) 100vw, 2250px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/nominal-size-vs-basic-size.jpg\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-132185\" data-caption=\"40H7\/k6 ara tip ge\u00e7menin g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilmesi. Deli\u011fin tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (mavi) ve milin tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (turuncu) \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor, bu da son birle\u015fmenin bo\u015fluk veya s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131k\/s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma (temas) ile sonu\u00e7lanabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/nominal-size-vs-basic-size.jpg\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>40H7\/k6 ara tip ge\u00e7menin g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilmesi. Deli\u011fin tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (mavi) ve milin tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (turuncu) \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor, bu da son birle\u015fmenin bo\u015fluk veya s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131k\/s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma (temas) ile sonu\u00e7lanabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki grafikte, <strong>40H7<\/strong> delik ve <strong>40k6<\/strong> mil i\u00e7in tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Deli\u011fin minimum boyutu 40,000 mm iken, milin minimum boyutu 39,996 mm&#8217;dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dikkat edin. Ger\u00e7ek \u00fcretim boyutlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ge\u00e7me k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir <strong>bo\u015fluk<\/strong> (delik b\u00fcy\u00fck ve mil k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse) veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir <strong>s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma<\/strong> (delik k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve mil b\u00fcy\u00fckse) olabilir. Her iki sonucu da do\u011furabilen bu ge\u00e7me t\u00fcr\u00fcne <strong>ara tip<\/strong> ge\u00e7me denir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-delik-bazli-ve-mil-bazli-sistemler\"><strong><strong>Delik Bazl\u0131 ve Mil Bazl\u0131 Sistemler<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Limitler ve ge\u00e7meler tasarlan\u0131rken, bir &#8220;temel&#8221; se\u00e7ilmelidir; bu delik veya mil olabilir. Bu temel \u00f6zelli\u011finin tolerans\u0131 sabittir ve birle\u015fen par\u00e7an\u0131n tolerans\u0131, istenen bo\u015fluk, ara tip veya s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde ayarlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Temel par\u00e7an\u0131n genellikle temel sapmas\u0131 0&#8217;d\u0131r ve bu, delikler i\u00e7in H ve miller i\u00e7in h ile g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-delik-bazli-sistem\"><strong><strong>Delik Bazl\u0131 Sistem<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Delik bazl\u0131 sistemde, deli\u011fin<strong> alt sapmas\u0131 (EI) 0 \u00b5m olarak sabitlenir<\/strong>. Bu, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck delik boyutunun tam olarak nominal boyutta oldu\u011fu ve tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131 do\u011fru uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Daha sonra milin tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayarlanarak ge\u00e7me olu\u015fturulur (\u00f6rne\u011fin, g6, k6 veya p6).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki nedenden dolay\u0131<strong> delik bazl\u0131 sistem tercih edilen se\u00e7enektir<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00dcretim Esnekli\u011fi:<\/strong> Belirli bir ge\u00e7me elde etmek i\u00e7in, bir milin d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 <em>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclterek<\/em> (\u00f6rne\u011fin torna yoluyla) i\u015flemek, bir deli\u011fin i\u00e7 \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 <em>b\u00fcy\u00fcterek<\/em> (\u00f6rne\u011fin delme veya raybalama yoluyla) i\u015flemekten daha kolay ve daha y\u00fcksek do\u011fruluktad\u0131r. Bu, daha \u00f6nce tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan proses yetenekleriyle uyumludur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Standart Bile\u015fenler:<\/strong> Rulmanlar gibi bir\u00e7ok haz\u0131r par\u00e7a, <strong>H<\/strong> bazl\u0131 toleransla \u00fcretilir. Delik \u00f6nceden mevcuttur ve ge\u00e7me i\u00e7in sabit temeli olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Standart Ara\u00e7 Tak\u0131mlar\u0131:<\/strong> Standart delik a\u00e7ma tak\u0131mlar\u0131 (matkaplar ve raybalar gibi), nominal boyutlar\u0131nda veya biraz <em>\u00fczerinde<\/em> delikler \u00fcretmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bu da do\u011fal olarak H bazl\u0131 sistemle uyumludur. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, bir milin <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.com.tr\/tr\/cnc-torna\/\">CNC torna<\/a>, gereken boyutu elde etmek i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek esneklik sunar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tek bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ile (\u00f6rne\u011fin, 40,009 mm&#8217;lik bir mil yata\u011f\u0131 deli\u011fi) tersine m\u00fchendislik uygulayarak belirli bir tolerans s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 bilinmelidir. Bu boyut H5, H6 veya di\u011fer birka\u00e7 tan\u0131mlaman\u0131n tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na girebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-mil-bazli-sistem\"><strong><strong>Mil Bazl\u0131 Sistem<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Mil bazl\u0131 sistemde, milin <strong>\u00fcst sapmas\u0131 (es) 0 \u00b5m olarak sabitlenir<\/strong>. Milin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutu nominal boyuta e\u015fittir. Daha sonra deli\u011fin tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7ilerek ge\u00e7me belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Delik bazl\u0131 sistem daha yayg\u0131n olsa da, mil bazl\u0131 sistem a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda mant\u0131kl\u0131 bir se\u00e7imdir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Standart, \u00f6nceden \u00fcretilmi\u015f stok miller (\u00f6r. 40h6 veya 40h8) kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, mil sabit eleman olur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir milin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi zorsa, \u00f6rne\u011fin \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemden sonra y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde sertlik elde edilmi\u015fse, mili temel olarak ele al\u0131p deli\u011fi buna g\u00f6re i\u015flemek daha kolay olabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Durum<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tercih edilecek temel<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Nedeni<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Uyar\u0131lar<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yeni tasar\u0131m; her iki par\u00e7a da \u015firket i\u00e7inde i\u015fleniyor<\/td><td>Delik bazl\u0131 (g\/k\/m mil ile H7\/H8)<\/td><td>Matkap\/rayba ile ula\u015fmak daha kolayd\u0131r; miller torna\/ta\u015flama ile hassas ayarlanabilir<\/td><td>Yeniden i\u015fleme gerekirse delik b\u00fcy\u00fctme maliyetlidir<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sat\u0131n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir mil yata\u011f\u0131 veya bur\u00e7 kullan\u0131l\u0131yor<\/td><td>Delik bazl\u0131<\/td><td>Tedarik\u00e7i delikleri esasen H bazl\u0131d\u0131r<\/td><td>E\u015fle\u015ftirmeden \u00f6nce tedarik\u00e7inin ger\u00e7ek delik tolerans\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stok topraklama \u00e7ubu\u011fu (\u00f6r. h6) kullan\u0131l\u0131yor<\/td><td>Mil bazl\u0131<\/td><td>Haz\u0131r miller ge\u00e7meyi belirler<\/td><td>Delik, uyacak \u015fekilde konumland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131\/ s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Takmadan \u00f6nce mil sertle\u015ftiriliyor\/y\u00fczeyi i\u015fleniyor<\/td><td>Mil bazl\u0131<\/td><td>Zorlu yeniden i\u015flemeler riskli\/pahal\u0131d\u0131r<\/td><td>Delik i\u015fleme kapasitesini buna g\u00f6re planlay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Basmal\u0131 ge\u00e7me ile en s\u0131k\u0131 konum do\u011frulu\u011fu<\/td><td>Her ikisi de; Genellikle H7\/m6 (delik bazl\u0131)<\/td><td>Sabit delik temeliyle daha kolay montaj kontrol\u00fc<\/td><td>Basmal\u0131\/\u0131s\u0131yla montaj plan\u0131n\u0131 onaylay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gecme-tipleri\"><strong><strong>Ge\u00e7me Tipleri<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>M\u00fchendislikte ge\u00e7meler \u00fc\u00e7 gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r: <strong>bo\u015fluklu ge\u00e7me, ara tip ge\u00e7me ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 (temasl\u0131) ge\u00e7me.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fit-types-1024x285.jpg\" alt=\"Bir mil ve delik i\u00e7in bo\u015fluklu, ara tip ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7me tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7izim.\" class=\"wp-image-131372\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fit-types-1024x285.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fit-types-300x83.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fit-types-768x213.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fit-types.jpg\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-132185\" data-caption=\"\u00dc\u00e7 ge\u00e7me grubu: bo\u015fluklu, ara tip ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131. Ge\u00e7me tipi; delik ve milin tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6receli konumu ve \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi (veya \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmemesi) ile belirlenir.\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fit-types.jpg\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>\u00dc\u00e7 ge\u00e7me grubu: bo\u015fluklu, ara tip ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131. Ge\u00e7me tipi; delik ve milin tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6receli konumu ve \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi (veya \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmemesi) ile belirlenir.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir mil ve delik gibi birle\u015fen (e\u015fle\u015fen) par\u00e7alar aras\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7me, tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n <strong>g\u00f6receli konumuna <\/strong>ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. Bu, aralar\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluk veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma (s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131k, temas) miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirler. Yukar\u0131daki \u00e7izimde \u00fc\u00e7 ge\u00e7me tipi g\u00f6sterilmektedir; ara tip ge\u00e7me, maksimum bo\u015fluk ve maksimum s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma u\u00e7lar\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki \u00f6rnekler delik bazl\u0131d\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin, &#8220;H7&#8221;), ancak mil tabanl\u0131 e\u015fde\u011ferleri de mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-bosluklu-gecme\"><strong><strong>Bo\u015fluklu Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p><strong>Bo\u015fluklu ge\u00e7me<\/strong>, tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n en dar limitlerinde bile deli\u011fin milden her zaman daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olaca\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7me tipidir. Bu sayede montaj\u0131n kolay olmas\u0131, kuvvet gerekmemesi ve par\u00e7alar aras\u0131nda serbest hareket imkan\u0131 olmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bo\u015fluklu ge\u00e7meler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Serbest hareket veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeli hareket gerekti\u011finde.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kolay montaj ve demontaj gerekti\u011finde.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u0131k\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131l genle\u015fme hesaba kat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bo\u015fluklu ge\u00e7meler; gev\u015fek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, serbest \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, yak\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve kayan ge\u00e7meler olarak grupland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ge\u00e7me Tipi<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ve \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Delik Bazl\u0131 \u00d6rnekler<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tipik Uygulamalar\u0131<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Gev\u015fek \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Geni\u015f Bo\u015fluk<\/strong>Hassasiyet \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir; olumsuz ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda (kir, \u0131s\u0131) serbest hareket garanti edilmelidir.<\/td><td>H11\/c11, H11\/d11, H9\/d9<\/td><td>Tar\u0131m makineleri ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131, gev\u015fek k\u0131lavuz \u00e7ubuklar\u0131, hassas olmayan makine par\u00e7alar\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Serbest \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Orta Geni\u015flikte Bo\u015fluk<\/strong>Par\u00e7alar, bir miktar \u0131s\u0131l genle\u015fme olsa bile s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma riski olmadan serbest\u00e7e hareket etmelidir.<\/td><td>H9\/e9, H9\/f9, H8\/f8<\/td><td>Kasnak milleri, az kullan\u0131lan kayma mekanizmalar\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hassasiyetli di\u015fli milleri.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Yak\u0131n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Bo\u015fluk<\/strong>Minimum oynama ile hassas hizalama i\u00e7in; hassas d\u00f6ner hareket i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/td><td>H7\/h6, H7\/h5<\/td><td>Y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 miller, hassas miller, hafif y\u00fckl\u00fc mil yataklar\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Kayd\u0131rmal\u0131 Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u00c7ok K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Bo\u015fluk<\/strong>Par\u00e7alar\u0131n minimum oynama ile kaymas\u0131 gereken hassas konumlar i\u00e7in.<\/td><td>H8\/g7, H7\/g6<\/td><td>Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131 k\u0131zaklar\u0131, hassas k\u0131lavuz raylar\u0131, hafif y\u00fckl\u00fc miller.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ara-tip-gecme\"><strong><strong>Ara Tip Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p><strong>Ara tip ge\u00e7me<\/strong>, delik ve milin tolerans aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ge\u00e7me tipidir. Bu durumda, ger\u00e7ek \u00fcretim boyutlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak nihai ge\u00e7me (montaj) k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir bo\u015fluk veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma (temas) ile sonu\u00e7lanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ara tip ge\u00e7me, tasar\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n konum do\u011frulu\u011fu ve montaj kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir denge kurmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde iyi bir se\u00e7imdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ara tip ge\u00e7meler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Par\u00e7alar\u0131n hassas bir \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmesi, ancak montaj\u0131n yine de nispeten kolay olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Az miktarda bo\u015fluk veya s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n (temas\u0131n) kabul edilebilir oldu\u011fu yerlerde.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Boyut kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu ancak tam bir s\u0131k\u0131 ge\u00e7menin gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ara tip ge\u00e7meler; serbest, benzer ve s\u0131k\u0131 ge\u00e7me olarak gruplara ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ge\u00e7me Tipi<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ve \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Delik Bazl\u0131 \u00d6rnekler<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tipik Uygulamalar\u0131<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Serbest Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Bo\u015fluk olu\u015fma e\u011filimi<\/strong>Hassas konum, ancak y\u00fcksek bir bo\u015fluk olu\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131. Par\u00e7alar bast\u0131rmadan monte edilebilir (tak\u0131labilir).<\/td><td>H7\/j6, H8\/j7<\/td><td>Kayan musluk t\u0131ka\u00e7lar\u0131, de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir man\u015fonlar, konumland\u0131rma pimleri.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Benzer Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Dengeli bo\u015fluk\/s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma (C\/I)<\/strong>Par\u00e7alar\u0131n hafif kuvvet veya elle dokunma ile monte edilebildi\u011fi hassas konumland\u0131rma.<\/td><td>H7\/k6, H7\/k5, H6\/k5<\/td><td>Millerin \u00fczerindeki di\u015fli \u00e7arklar, rakorlar (ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131), tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131 milleri.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>S\u0131k\u0131 Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015fma (Temas) olu\u015fma e\u011filimi<\/strong>Par\u00e7alar, normal ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda minimum hareketle sabitlenmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td><td>H7\/m6, H7\/m5, H7\/m4<\/td><td>Millerdeki elektrik motoru rotorlar\u0131, hafif y\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6bekler, konumland\u0131rma man\u015fonlar\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sikismali-temasli-gecme\"><strong><strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 (Temasl\u0131) Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p><strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7me<\/strong>, deli\u011fin milden her zaman daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olaca\u011f\u0131 ve sa\u011flam bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 bir ge\u00e7me tipidir. Bu ge\u00e7me tipinde montaj (birle\u015fme) i\u00e7in kuvvet gerekir ve genellikle \u0131s\u0131l y\u00f6ntemlerle (genle\u015fme i\u00e7in deli\u011fin \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, daralma i\u00e7in milin so\u011futulmas\u0131) birlikte uygulan\u0131r. S\u00f6kme i\u015flemi genellikle makineyle i\u015fleme gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7meler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ba\u011flant\u0131 yerinin, kaymadan b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda tork veya eksenel y\u00fck iletmesi gerekiyorsa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Montaj i\u00e7in hassas, rijit (sert) ve kal\u0131c\u0131 bir konum gerekiyorsa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Birle\u015fen y\u00fczeyler aras\u0131nda hareket olmamas\u0131 gerekiyorsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7meler; basmal\u0131, tahrikli ve zorlamal\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 ge\u00e7meler olarak gruplara ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ge\u00e7me Tipi<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ve \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Delik Bazl\u0131 \u00d6rnekler<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tipik Uygulamalar\u0131<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Basmal\u0131 Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Miktarda S\u0131k\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>Orta d\u00fczeyde kuvvetle monte edilebilir. G\u00fcvenli bir yerle\u015ftirme sa\u011flar, ancak s\u00f6kme i\u015flemi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/td><td>H7\/p6, H7\/p5, H8\/p6<\/td><td>Kasnak g\u00f6bekleri, hafif y\u00fckl\u00fc di\u015fliler, ge\u00e7menin yalpalamay\u0131 \u00f6nledi\u011fi kamal\u0131 miller.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tahrikli Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Kavrama<\/strong>Genellikle \u0131s\u0131l montaj gerektirir. Titre\u015fim ve darbeye maruz kalan, yo\u011fun kullan\u0131lan tipte ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/td><td>H7\/s6, H7\/s5<\/td><td>\u015eanz\u0131man di\u015flileri, demiryolu tekerlek yuvalar\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r makinelerdeki kaplinler.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Zorlamal\u0131 Ge\u00e7me<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Maksimum Kavrama<\/strong>Kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak kabul edilir. Par\u00e7alara zarar vermeden s\u00f6kme i\u015flemi genellikle imkans\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/td><td>H7\/u6, H7\/u5<\/td><td>U\u00e7ak motoru par\u00e7alar\u0131, bas\u0131larak tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f krank mili di\u015flileri, t\u00fcrbin milleri.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gecme-belirlemek-icin-tasarim-kontrol-listesi\"><strong><strong>Ge\u00e7me Belirlemek \u0130\u00e7in Tasar\u0131m Kontrol Listesi<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Limitler ve ge\u00e7meler, montajl\u0131 d\u00fczeneklerin ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Do\u011fru se\u00e7ildiklerinde, tasar\u0131m, \u00fcretim ve muayene i\u00e7in net ve standart bir dil sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7meyi belirlerken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki noktalar\u0131 bir kontrol listesi olarak kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Temelinizi Se\u00e7in<\/strong>: <strong>Delik Bazl\u0131<\/strong> (tercih edilen) ve <strong>Mil Bazl\u0131<\/strong> sistemden birini se\u00e7in. Bu se\u00e7im, mevcut standart bile\u015fenlere (mil yataklar\u0131 ve stok miller gibi), ara\u00e7 tak\u0131mlar\u0131na ve \u00fcretim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (\u00f6rne\u011fin, malzeme, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem) ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak belirlenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ge\u00e7me Tipini Se\u00e7in<\/strong>: Ba\u011flant\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken i\u015flevi belirleyin: <strong>Bo\u015fluklu<\/strong> (serbest hareket i\u00e7in), <strong>Ara Tip<\/strong> (hassas konum i\u00e7in) veya <strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131<\/strong> (rijit, kal\u0131c\u0131 montaj i\u00e7in).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ge\u00e7me Kombinasyonunu Se\u00e7in<\/strong>: Standart bir delik\/mil kombinasyonu (\u00f6rne\u011fin, H7\/k6, H7\/p6, H9\/d9) se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/amesweb.info\/fits-tolerances\/preferred-tolerances-table.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tercih edilen ge\u00e7meler<\/a>&#8221; tablolar\u0131na bak\u0131n. Bu \u015fekilde, i\u015flevsel gereklilikler ile standart \u00fcretim uygulamalar\u0131 ve maliyet aras\u0131nda denge sa\u011flan\u0131r.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Limitleri Hesaplay\u0131n ve Do\u011frulay\u0131n<\/strong>: Her zaman <strong>minimum ve maksimum bo\u015fluklar\u0131<\/strong> (bo\u015fluklu\/ara tip ge\u00e7meler i\u00e7in) <strong>veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmay\u0131<\/strong> (s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131\/ara tip ge\u00e7meler i\u00e7in) hesaplay\u0131n. Se\u00e7ti\u011finiz kombinasyonu do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenilir bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mesys.ch\/calc\/tolerances.fcgi?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">delik ve mil ge\u00e7me tolerans\u0131 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a> kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00dcretilebilirli\u011fi Onaylay\u0131n (DFM)<\/strong>: Se\u00e7ti\u011finiz IT S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n (say\u0131) tedarik\u00e7inizin prosesleri i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131labilir ve ekonomik oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Daha s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131flar (\u00f6rne\u011fin, IT5-IT6), ta\u015flama gibi hassas i\u015flemler gerektirir ve maliyeti \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Montaj Planlamas\u0131<\/strong>: Ara tip ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7meler i\u00e7in montaj (birle\u015fme) y\u00f6ntemini do\u011frulay\u0131n. Gerekli kuvvetin (bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in) veya \u0131s\u0131l prosed\u00fcrlerin (\u0131s\u0131tma\/so\u011futma i\u00e7in) pratik oldu\u011fundan ve bile\u015fenlere zarar vermeyece\u011finden emin olun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"author":2899,"featured_media":131408,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[],"c-tag-articles":[],"global-tag":[1758],"class_list":["post-132185","articles","type-articles","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","global-tag-cnc-isleme"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.7 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Delik ve Mil Ge\u00e7me Toleranslar\u0131 | Xometry Pro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ISO 286 Limitler ve Ge\u00e7meler hakk\u0131nda derinlemesine bir k\u0131lavuz. 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