{"id":139607,"date":"2026-02-04T12:46:30","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T11:46:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/articles\/gd-t-flatness\/"},"modified":"2026-03-10T10:35:04","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T09:35:04","slug":"gd-t-duzlemsellik","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/gd-t-duzlemsellik\/","title":{"rendered":"GD&amp;T\u2019de D\u00fczlemsellik: Tan\u0131m\u0131, \u00d6nemi ve Uygulamalar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Bu sistemde <strong>D\u00fczlemsellik (Flatness)<\/strong>, 2D d\u00fczlemde bir y\u00fczeyin do\u011frusall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan temel bir <strong>\u015eekil Kontrol\u00fcd\u00fcr<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/gdt-geometrik-boyutlandirma-ve-toleranslandirma-nedir\/\">Geometrik boyutland\u0131rma ve toleransland\u0131rmada<\/a> \u015fekil toleranslar\u0131, <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/dogrusallik-gd-t\/\">do\u011frusall\u0131k<\/a>, d\u00fczlemsellik, dairesellik ve silindiriklik gibi \u015fekil kontrol\u00fc ifadelerinden (tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131ndan) olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Konum ve y\u00f6nlendirme kontrollerinin aksine, \u015fekil kontrolleri bir datum referans\u0131 gerektirmez; yaln\u0131zca \u00f6zelli\u011fin (yap\u0131n\u0131n) \u015fekline uygulan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n<div role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler\" class=\"simpletoc wp-block-simpletoc-toc\"><h2 class=\"simpletoc-title\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"simpletoc-list\">\n\n<ul><li>\n<a href=\"#h-gd-amp-t-de-duzlemsellik-nedir\">GD&amp;T&#8217;de D\u00fczlemsellik Nedir?<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#h-duzlemsellik-toleransi-icin-ozellik-kontrol-cercevesi\">D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00d6zellik Kontrol \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#duzlemsellik-ve-diger-toleranslarin-karsilastirilmasi\">D\u00fczlemsellik ve Di\u011fer Toleranslar\u0131n Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n<\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"#duzlemsellik-toleransinin-olculmesi\">D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n<\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"#duzlemsellik-toleransi-ve-boyut-toleransi-arasindaki-iliski\">D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 ve Boyut Tolerans\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fki<\/a>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#farkli-malzeme-kosullarinda-duzlemsellik-toleransi-ve-ekstra-tolerans\">Farkl\u0131 Malzeme Ko\u015fullar\u0131nda D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 ve Ekstra Tolerans<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"#temel-terimler-sozlugu\">Temel Terimler S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/a>\n\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><a href=\"#sekil-kontrollerinde-uzmanlasma\">\u015eekil Kontrollerinde Uzmanla\u015fma<\/a>\n<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gd-amp-t-de-duzlemsellik-nedir\"><strong>GD&amp;T&#8217;de D\u00fczlemsellik Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemsellik (flatness) tolerans\u0131, <strong>bir y\u00fczeyin d\u00fczlemselli\u011fini kontrol eder<\/strong>. Tolerans de\u011feri ile birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f <strong>iki paralel d\u00fczlemden olu\u015fan bir tolerans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (b\u00f6lgesi)<\/strong> tan\u0131mlar. Ger\u00e7ek y\u00fczey \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm noktalar tamamen bu iki d\u00fczlem aras\u0131nda yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tolerans b\u00f6lgesi serbest\u00e7e hareket eder. D\u00fczlemlerin ba\u015fka bir y\u00fczeye veya referans datuma paralel olmas\u0131 gerekmez; yaln\u0131zca kontrol edilen y\u00fczey taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"501\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-04-at-15.06.41-1024x501.png\" alt=\"Farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lara sahip \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fczeyi g\u00f6steren GD&amp;T D\u00fczlemsellik tolerans b\u00f6lgesi \u00e7izimi; bu y\u00fczeyler, paralel tolerans d\u00fczlemlerinin aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in muayeneden (kontrolden) ge\u00e7erler.\" class=\"wp-image-138932\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-04-at-15.06.41-1024x501.png 1024w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-04-at-15.06.41-300x147.png 300w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-04-at-15.06.41-768x376.png 768w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-04-at-15.06.41.png 1272w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-04-at-15.06.41.png\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-139607\" data-caption=\"\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-04-at-15.06.41.png\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Flatness tolerance defines how flat a surface is, ensuring the surface&#8217;s highest and lowest points stay within the specified tolerance zone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemsellik ifadesi (a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131), bir boyutsal \u00f6zelli\u011fin kontrol\u00fc, \u00fcretimi ve muayenesi i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir[1]. Bu durumda, ifade asl\u0131nda t\u00fcretilmi\u015f orta d\u00fczlemin sapmas\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlar[2].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemsellik, \u00f6ncelikle <strong>referans (datum) y\u00fczeylerini kontrol etmek veya di\u011fer toleranslar\u0131n hassasiyetini art\u0131rmak <\/strong>i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve kritik \u00f6nemdeki birle\u015fen y\u00fczeylerin boyut toleranslar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmadan uygun s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k, ya\u011flama, gerilim y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve y\u00fck da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-duzlemsellik-toleransi-icin-ozellik-kontrol-cercevesi\"><strong><strong>D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00d6zellik Kontrol \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"621\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/diagram-flatness-feature-control-frame-1024x621.png\" alt=\"Sembol, tolerans de\u011feri ve y\u00f6nlendirici okun yerlerini g\u00f6steren D\u00fczlemsellik \u00d6zellik Kontrol \u00c7er\u00e7evesi \u00e7izimi.\" class=\"wp-image-141548\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/diagram-flatness-feature-control-frame-1024x621.png 1024w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/diagram-flatness-feature-control-frame-300x182.png 300w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/diagram-flatness-feature-control-frame-768x466.png 768w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/diagram-flatness-feature-control-frame.png 1319w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/diagram-flatness-feature-control-frame.png\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-139607\" data-caption=\"\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/diagram-flatness-feature-control-frame.png\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131, bir y\u00fczeyin ne kadar d\u00fczlemsel oldu\u011funu tan\u0131mlayarak y\u00fczeyin en y\u00fcksek ve en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck noktalar\u0131n\u0131n belirtilen tolerans b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Birinci B\u00f6lme (Sembol):<\/strong> Geometrik \u00f6zellik sembol\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7erir. D\u00fczlemsellik i\u00e7in bu bir <strong>paralelkenard\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130kinci B\u00f6lme (Tolerans De\u011feri):<\/strong> \u0130zin verilen toplam varyasyonu (sapmay\u0131) belirtir. Bu say\u0131sal de\u011fer, tolerans b\u00f6lgesinin <strong>iki paralel d\u00fczlemi aras\u0131ndaki mesafeyi<\/strong> tan\u0131mlar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Datum Referans\u0131 Bulunmaz:<\/strong> D\u00fczlemsellik, di\u011fer \u00f6zelliklerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u015fekil kontrol\u00fc oldu\u011fundan, datum referans\u0131 i\u00e7in <strong>\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir b\u00f6lme i\u00e7ermez<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00f6nlendirici Okun Yerle\u015ftirilmesi<\/strong> Y\u00f6nlendirici okun yeri, yorumlama i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Y\u00fczey Kontrol\u00fc:<\/strong> Ok y\u00fczeye veya uzatma \u00e7izgisine i\u015faret etti\u011finde, tolerans <strong>y\u00fczeyin kendisini<\/strong> kontrol eder (tan\u0131mlar).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00fcretilmi\u015f Orta D\u00fczlem:<\/strong> Ok boyut \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcne (boyut \u00e7izgisine) i\u015faret etti\u011finde, tolerans T\u00fcretilmi\u015f Orta D\u00fczlemi (\u00f6zelli\u011fin merkez d\u00fczlemi) kontrol eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tasar\u0131m \u0130pucu:<\/strong> \u0130\u015flevselli\u011fin izin verdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tolerans de\u011ferini her zaman en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Gereksiz yere s\u0131k\u0131 se\u00e7ilmi\u015f d\u00fczlemsellik toleranslar\u0131, par\u00e7a maliyetini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran pahal\u0131 makineyle i\u015fleme ve muayene s\u00fcre\u00e7leri (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ta\u015flama veya laplama) gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"duzlemsellik-ve-diger-toleranslarin-karsilastirilmasi\"><strong>D\u00fczlemsellik ve Di\u011fer Toleranslar\u0131n Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemsellik genellikle do\u011frusall\u0131k, paralellik ve y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Do\u011fru i\u015faretlemeyi (a\u00e7\u0131klama kutusunu) se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 anlamak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"duzlemsellik-ve-dogrusallik-karsilastirmasi\"><strong>D\u00fczlemsellik ve Do\u011frusall\u0131k Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemsellik (flatness), do\u011frusall\u0131k (straightness) tolerans\u0131n\u0131n 2 boyutlu versiyonudur. Do\u011frusall\u0131k tolerans\u0131 <strong>iki paralel \u00e7izgiden <\/strong>olu\u015fan bir tolerans b\u00f6lgesi olu\u015ftururken, d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans b\u00f6lgesi <strong>iki paralel d\u00fczlemden<\/strong> olu\u015fur ve bu da 1 boyutlu bir \u00e7izgi yerine 2 boyutlu bir y\u00fczeyi kontrol etmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir milin veya bir blok \u00fczerindeki tek bir \u00e7izginin &#8220;dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131&#8221; kontrol etmek i\u00e7in Do\u011frusall\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131n. T\u00fcm bir masa tablas\u0131n\u0131n veya s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k y\u00fczeyinin tepe ve \u00e7ukurlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in D\u00fczlemselli\u011fi kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"duzlemsellik-ve-paralellik-karsilastirmasi\"><strong>D\u00fczlemsellik ve Paralellik Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Bu iki kontrol aras\u0131ndaki temel fark, bir datum gerekip gerekmemesidir. Paralellik, bir y\u00fczeyin belirli bir referans datuma g\u00f6re y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol ederek, bir d\u00fczlemin di\u011ferinden e\u015fit uzakl\u0131kta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. D\u00fczlemsellik ise, di\u011fer herhangi bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n tek bir y\u00fczeyin \u015feklini kontrol eden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir gerekliliktir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir y\u00fczeyin d\u00fczlemsel olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde ancak par\u00e7an\u0131n geri kalan\u0131na olan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir referans plakas\u0131<strong>) D\u00fczlemsellik<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fczeyin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki bir y\u00fcz veya montaj d\u00fczlemiyle m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde hizalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde (\u00f6rne\u011fin, zemine paralel bir masa tablas\u0131) <strong>Paralellik<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"duzlemsellik-ve-yuzey-puruzlulugu-karsilastirmasi\"><strong>D\u00fczlemsellik ve Y\u00fczey P\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Her iki terim de y\u00fczey kalitesini tan\u0131mlar ancak farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7eklerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. D\u00fczlemsellik, <strong>e\u011filme, \u00e7arp\u0131lma veya burulma gibi makro d\u00fczeydeki sapmalar\u0131<\/strong> kontrol eder. Y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise <strong>mikro d\u00fczeydeki d\u00fczensizlikleri<\/strong>, \u00f6zellikle dokunun <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/cnc-isleme-yuzey-puruzlulugu\/\">p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc<\/a> \u00f6l\u00e7er. Bir par\u00e7a m\u00fckemmel d\u00fczlemsel ayn\u0131 zamanda p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc veya ayna gibi parlak (p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz) ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7arp\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par\u00e7alar\u0131n montaj s\u0131ras\u0131nda do\u011fru \u015fekilde birle\u015fmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in <strong>D\u00fczlemsellik<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme, a\u015f\u0131nma h\u0131zlar\u0131 ve s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi daha ince etkile\u015fimleri kontrol etmek i\u00e7in <strong>Y\u00fczey P\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"duzlemsellik-toleransinin-olculmesi\"><strong>D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemselli\u011fin do\u011frulanmas\u0131; tolerans s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na, mevcut denetim (muayene) s\u00fcresine ve gerekli do\u011frulu\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ilen \u00f6zel metroloji ara\u00e7lar\u0131 gerektirir. Bir\u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f teknik mevcut olsa da imalatta en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6ntem, kadranl\u0131 y\u00fckseklik g\u00f6stergeleri, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aberlink.com\/company\/what-is-a-cmm\/\">Koordinat \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Cihazlar\u0131<\/a> (CMM) ve optik lazer interferometrisidir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-kadranli-yukseklik-gostergesi\"><strong>1. Kadranl\u0131 Y\u00fckseklik G\u00f6stergesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Kadranl\u0131 y\u00fckseklik g\u00f6stergesi ile manuel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, standart at\u00f6lye ortam\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, her biri farkl\u0131 do\u011fruluk seviyelerine ve kurulum gerekliliklerine sahip \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 teknik vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fczey Plakas\u0131 Y\u00f6ntemi (H\u0131zl\u0131 Kontrol):<\/strong> En yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan g\u00fcnl\u00fck prosed\u00fcr, par\u00e7ay\u0131 do\u011frudan hassas bir y\u00fczey plakas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirme, kadranl\u0131 g\u00f6stergeyi y\u00fczeyde s\u0131f\u0131rlama ve par\u00e7an\u0131n \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7irme (tarama) ad\u0131mlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Maksimum ve minimum de\u011ferler aras\u0131ndaki fark, toplam sapmay\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu, bir par\u00e7ay\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir yol olsa da, teknik olarak sadece d\u00fczlemselli\u011fi de\u011fil, <strong>paralelli\u011fi<\/strong> de \u00f6l\u00e7er. Par\u00e7a y\u00fczey plakas\u0131 \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fu i\u00e7in, plaka referans datum g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr; par\u00e7an\u0131n alt y\u00fczeyindeki herhangi bir a\u00e7\u0131, \u00fcstteki okumay\u0131 etkileyecektir. Ancak, d\u00fczlemsellik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir gereklilik oldu\u011fundan, yani y\u00fczeyin tabana paralel olmas\u0131 <em>gerekmedi\u011finden<\/em>, bu y\u00f6ntem bir\u00e7ok durum i\u00e7in pratik bir &#8220;h\u0131zl\u0131 kontrol&#8221; olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3 Noktal\u0131 Jack Y\u00f6ntemi (\u00d6nerilen):<\/strong> Daha y\u00fcksek do\u011fruluk i\u00e7in, kontrol edilen y\u00fczeyi alt y\u00fczeyden ay\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz. Bu, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131, kontrol edilen y\u00fczey yukar\u0131 bakacak \u015fekilde \u00fc\u00e7 ayarlanabilir jack (stand) \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilerek sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kontrol (muayene) i\u015fleminde, kadran g\u00f6stergesi \u00fc\u00e7 jack\u0131n tam \u00fczerindeki noktalarda s\u0131f\u0131ra ayarlan\u0131r. Operat\u00f6r, jacklar\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fini ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayarlayarak, kadran g\u00f6stergesini \u00fc\u00e7 referans noktas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcnde s\u0131f\u0131ra getirir ve y\u00fczeye paralel sanal bir d\u00fczlem olu\u015fturur. Denge sa\u011fland\u0131ktan sonra, operat\u00f6r y\u00fczeyi tarar; en y\u00fcksek ve en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tepeler aras\u0131ndaki fark, d\u00fczlemsellik sapmas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><div class=\"wp-block-image__wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"622\" src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-1024x622.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-138857\" style=\"max-width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-1024x622.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-300x182.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-768x466.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2.jpeg 1362w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><a class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button\" href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2.jpeg\" data-fancybox=\"gallery-139607\" data-caption=\"\" aria-label=\"Open full image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2.jpeg\" class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><svg class=\"wp-block-image__fancy-box-button-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n               <path d=\"M0 2V6H2V2H6V0H2C0.895 0 0 0.895 0 2ZM2 12H0V16C0 17.105 0.895 18 2 18H6V16H2V12ZM16 16H12V18H16C17.105 18 18 17.105 18 16V12H16V16ZM16 0H12V2H16V6H18V2C18 0.895 17.105 0 16 0Z\" fill=\"#092C47\"\/>\r\n             <\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu y\u00f6ntem daha fazla zaman al\u0131r ancak masa \u00fcst\u00fcnden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olan ger\u00e7ek bir d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans b\u00f6lgesi olu\u015fturarak y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde do\u011fruluk sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fcz\u00fcst\u00fc Y\u00f6ntem:<\/strong> \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir alternatif y\u00f6ntemde, kontrol edilen y\u00fczey, ortas\u0131nda bir delik bulunan bir y\u00fczey plakas\u0131na y\u00fcz\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 bakacak \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilir. Kadranl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihaz\u0131, deli\u011fin i\u00e7inden y\u00fczeyi alttan tarar (\u00f6l\u00e7er). Bu y\u00f6ntem do\u011frulu\u011fa sahip olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6nemli bir dezavantaja sahiptir: operat\u00f6r\u00fcn, t\u00fcm y\u00fczey alan\u0131n\u0131 taramak i\u00e7in i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 hareket ettirmesi gerekir. Par\u00e7a hareket ettik\u00e7e, plakaya temas eden belirli y\u00fcksek noktalar de\u011fi\u015fir ve bu da konum hatalar\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-koordinat-olcum-cihazi-cmm-kullanimi\"><strong>2. Koordinat \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Cihaz\u0131 (CMM) Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Karma\u015f\u0131k par\u00e7alarda veya otomatik muayene istendi\u011finde, CMM ile son derece hassas d\u00fczlemsellik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri elde edilebilir. Yaz\u0131l\u0131m aray\u00fczleri de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte, genelde s\u00fcre\u00e7, koordinat sistemi eksenlerini (X, Y, Z) tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in en az \u00fc\u00e7 ortogonal y\u00fczeyin (her biri d\u00f6rt nokta kullanarak) yaz\u0131l\u0131mda i\u00e7e aktar\u0131lmas\u0131ndan olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CMM yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, bu d\u00fczlemleri kullanarak, t\u00fcm noktalar\u0131n aralar\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 gereken iki paralel d\u00fczlemden olu\u015fan, d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans b\u00f6lgesinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplar. Prob, tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f muayene noktalar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir k\u0131lavuzu izler; daha kapsaml\u0131 bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mla daha fazla say\u0131da nokta kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, daha do\u011fru sonu\u00e7lar elde edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CMM&#8217;nin belirgin bir avantaj\u0131, <strong>Boyutsal \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong> \u00f6l\u00e7ebilme kabiliyetidir. Bu cihaz, bir par\u00e7an\u0131n her iki taraf\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6l\u00e7erek matematiksel olarak <strong>T\u00fcretilmi\u015f Orta D\u00fczlemi<\/strong> olu\u015fturabilir ve ard\u0131ndan bu hayali merkez d\u00fczleminin d\u00fczlemselli\u011fini hesaplayabilir. Manuel kadranl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131yla bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-optik-yontemlerin-kullanilmasi-lazer-interferometrisi\"><strong>3. Optik Y\u00f6ntemlerin Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 (Lazer \u0130nterferometrisi)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Nanometre d\u00fczeyinde son derece s\u0131k\u0131 toleranslar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in standart y\u00f6ntem lazer <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ligo.caltech.edu\/page\/what-is-interferometer\">interferometrisidir<\/a>. Bu temass\u0131z bir y\u00f6ntemdir ve geleneksel aletlerle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemeyen b\u00fcy\u00fck par\u00e7alar veya temas alt\u0131nda deforme olabilecek hassas par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sistem, y\u00fczeydeki mesafe de\u011fi\u015fimlerini hesaplamak i\u00e7in iki koherent \u0131\u015f\u0131k demetinin giri\u015fim desenlerini kullan\u0131r. Bu, t\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemler aras\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek do\u011frulu\u011fu sa\u011flasa da s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Genellikle y\u00fczeylerin yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir ve titre\u015fim ve hava t\u00fcrb\u00fclans\u0131 gibi \u00e7evresel g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fclere kar\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a hassast\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"duzlemsellik-toleransi-ve-boyut-toleransi-arasindaki-iliski\"><strong>D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 ve Boyut Tolerans\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fki<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Boyut ve \u015fekil aras\u0131ndaki hiyerar\u015fiyi anlamak, ge\u00e7erli m\u00fchendislik \u00e7izimleri (teknik \u00e7izimler) olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130ki farkl\u0131 senaryo vard\u0131r: standart uygulamalar (Y\u00fczey D\u00fczlemselli\u011fi) ve Malzeme D\u00fczenleyicileri i\u00e7eren uygulamalar (Boyutsal \u00d6zellikler).<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"genel-kural-duzlemsellik-%25e2%2589%25a4-boyut\"><strong>Genel Kural: D\u00fczlemsellik \u2264 Boyut<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Zarf \u0130lkesine (Envelope Principle) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/codes-standards\/find-codes-standards\/y14-5-dimensioning-tolerancing\">ASME Y14.5<\/a>) g\u00f6re, bir \u00f6zelli\u011fin \u015fekli asla Maksimum Malzeme Ko\u015fulunda (MMC) m\u00fckemmel s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmemelidir. Bu nedenle, d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131 her zaman boyut tolerans\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya ona e\u015fit olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Boyut tolerans\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak mant\u0131ksal bir \u00e7eli\u015fki yarat\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, <strong>10 \u00b1 0,2 mm<\/strong> kal\u0131nl\u0131k tolerans\u0131na sahip bir plakay\u0131 (Toplam boyut tolerans\u0131 = 0,4 mm) ele alal\u0131m. <strong>0,5 mm<\/strong>&#8216;lik bir d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131 atarsak, par\u00e7an\u0131n ayn\u0131 anda hem 0,5 mm \u00e7arp\u0131lmaya sahip olmas\u0131 hem de&nbsp; boyut s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde (10,2 mm&#8217;lik bir zarf i\u00e7inde) olmas\u0131 imkans\u0131z hale gelir. Bu hataya sahip \u00e7izimler, \u00e7eli\u015fkili muayene sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ve i\u015flevsiz par\u00e7alara yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"farkli-malzeme-kosullarinda-duzlemsellik-toleransi-ve-ekstra-tolerans\"><strong>Farkl\u0131 Malzeme Ko\u015fullar\u0131nda D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 ve Ekstra Tolerans<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"istisna-malzeme-duzenleyicilerle-birlikte-ekstra-tolerans\"><strong>\u0130stisna: Malzeme D\u00fczenleyicilerle birlikte Ekstra Tolerans<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki kural\u0131n tek istisnas\u0131, D\u00fczlemselli\u011fin bir Malzeme D\u00fczenleyici kullan\u0131larak <strong>Boyutsal \u00d6zelli\u011fe<\/strong> (T\u00fcretilmi\u015f Orta D\u00fczlem) uygulanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda, boyut tolerans\u0131 yerel boyutlar\u0131 kontrol ederken, d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak \u015fekli kontrol eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Maksimum Malzeme Ko\u015fulu (<strong>M<\/strong>) veya En Az Malzeme Ko\u015fulu (<strong>L<\/strong>) kullanmak <strong>Ekstra Toleransa<\/strong> olanak tan\u0131r. Bu, par\u00e7an\u0131n ger\u00e7ek boyutu belirtilen ko\u015fuldan uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a, d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131n\u0131n da dinamik olarak artabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir ve \u00fcreticilere i\u015flevden \u00f6d\u00fcn vermeden b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda esneklik sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. MMC ve Ekstra Tolerans ile D\u00fczlemsellik<\/strong> Maksimum Malzeme Ko\u015fulu (MMC), par\u00e7alar\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fc senaryoda bile birbirine uymas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. <strong>100 \u00b1 0,4 mm<\/strong> boyut tolerans\u0131na sahip bir y\u00fczeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. MMC boyutu (izin verilen en b\u00fcy\u00fck boyut) <strong>100,4 mm<\/strong>&#8216;dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MMC&#8217;de <strong>0,3 mm&#8217;<\/strong>lik bir d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131 uygularsak, bu tolerans tam olarak, par\u00e7a maksimum boyutundayken ge\u00e7erlidir. Ancak, par\u00e7a daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir boyutta i\u015flendi\u011finde (MMC&#8217;den LMC&#8217;ye do\u011fru gidildi\u011finde), uyum gev\u015fer. Bu &#8220;ekstra pay&#8221; montaj\u0131 etkilemeden d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Azalan ger\u00e7ek boyut ile MMC aras\u0131ndaki fark, d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans\u0131na eklenir. Bu ek hata pay\u0131na <strong>Ekstra Tolerans<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek Hesaplama:<\/strong> Ger\u00e7ekte \u00fcretilen boyut <strong>100 mm<\/strong> ise (bu de\u011fer MMC olan 100,4 mm&#8217;den 0,4 mm daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck), \u00fcretici <strong>0,4 mm<\/strong> ekstra tolerans kazan\u0131r.<br><strong>Toplam D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131<\/strong> = Orjinal Tolerans (0,3 mm) + Ekstra Tolerans (0,4 mm) = <strong>0,7 mm<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>MMC&#8217;de (100,4 mm), ekstra tolerans 0 mm&#8217;dir. LMC&#8217;de (99,6 mm), ekstra tolerans 0,8 mm&#8217;ye kadar \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu esneklik, \u00fcretim maliyetlerini ve israf\u0131 azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>MMC&#8217;de Ekstra Tolerans Hesaplamas\u0131<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(Spesifikasyonlar: Boyut = 100 \u00b1 0,4 mm, D\u00fczlemsellik = MMC&#8217;de 0,3 mm)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Par\u00e7an\u0131n Ger\u00e7ek Boyutu (mm)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ekstra Tolerans (mm)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Toplam D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 (mm)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>100,4 (MMC\u2019de)<\/strong><\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>99,6 (LMC\u2019de)<\/strong><\/td><td>0,8<\/td><td>1,1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lmc-ve-ekstra-tolerans-ile-duzlemsellik\"><strong>LMC ve Ekstra Tolerans ile D\u00fczlemsellik<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<p>En Az Malzeme Ko\u015fulu (LMC), bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 bir kapta minimum duvar (et) kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak gibi belirli g\u00fcvenlikle ilgili veya i\u015flevsel gereklilikler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. MMC s\u0131k\u0131 bir ge\u00e7me (birle\u015fme) sa\u011flarken, LMC par\u00e7an\u0131n \u00e7ok ince veya zay\u0131f olmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LMC uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ekstra tolerans hesaplamas\u0131 tersine \u00e7evrilir. Tolerans, sadece LMC boyutunda (izin verilen en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyut) ge\u00e7erli olur. Par\u00e7a daha b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutta i\u015flendi\u011finde (LMC&#8217;den MMC&#8217;ye do\u011fru giderken), \u00fcretici ekstra tolerans kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekstra tolerans miktar\u0131, LMC boyutu ile par\u00e7an\u0131n ger\u00e7ek boyutu aras\u0131ndaki fark kadard\u0131r. Par\u00e7a LMC&#8217;de oldu\u011funda ekstra tolerans s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r ve par\u00e7a MMC&#8217;de oldu\u011funda maksimuma ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>LMC&#8217;de Ekstra Tolerans Hesaplamas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(Spesifikasyonlar: Boyut = 100 \u00b1 0,4 mm, D\u00fczlemsellik = LMC&#8217;de 0,3 mm)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Par\u00e7an\u0131n Ger\u00e7ek Boyutu (mm)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ekstra Tolerans (mm)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Toplam D\u00fczlemsellik Tolerans\u0131 (mm)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>99,6 (LMC\u2019de)<\/strong><\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>100,4 (MMC\u2019de)<\/strong><\/td><td>0,8<\/td><td>1,1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"temel-terimler-sozlugu\">Temel Terimler S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Terim<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ba\u011flam\u0131<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Toplam D\u00fczlemsellik B\u00f6lgesi<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0130ki paralel d\u00fczlemden olu\u015fan varsay\u0131lan 3D tolerans b\u00f6lgesi.<\/td><td>Y\u00fczey D\u00fczlemselli\u011fi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. T\u00fcm y\u00fczey alan\u0131 bu d\u00fczlemler aras\u0131nda yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Boyutsal \u00d6zellik<\/strong><\/td><td>Bir par\u00e7ada fiziksel olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilen herhangi bir \u00f6zellik (\u00f6r. delik, pim, yuva veya plaka kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131).<\/td><td>D\u00fczlemsellik, yaln\u0131zca bir y\u00fczeyin de\u011fil, belirli bir boyutun \u015feklini kontrol etti\u011finde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>T\u00fcretilmi\u015f Orta D\u00fczlem<\/strong><\/td><td>Bir \u00f6zellik \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7izgi elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n merkez noktalar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirerek hesaplanan (elde edilen) hayali bir d\u00fczlem.<\/td><td>D\u00fczlemsellik, bir Boyutsal \u00d6zelli\u011fe (\u00f6r. bir plakan\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131) uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ekstra Tolerans<\/strong><\/td><td>Bir boyutsal \u00f6zellik Maksimum Malzeme Ko\u015fulundan (<strong>MMC<\/strong>) sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilen ek tolerans.<\/td><td>D\u00fczlemsellik i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca (<strong>M<\/strong>) d\u00fczenleyicisiyle birlikte bir Boyutsal \u00d6zelli\u011fe uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Sanal Ko\u015ful<\/strong><\/td><td>\u00d6zelli\u011fin MMC&#8217;deki boyutunun ve geometrik tolerans\u0131n birle\u015fik etkisiyle olu\u015fturulan toplu (genel) s\u0131n\u0131r.<\/td><td>Birle\u015fen par\u00e7alar\u0131n tasar\u0131m\u0131nda par\u00e7alar\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde montaj\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n bir yuvaya oturmas\u0131 gibi) kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sekil-kontrollerinde-uzmanlasma\"><strong>\u015eekil Kontrollerinde Uzmanla\u015fma<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczlemsellik, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc en y\u00fcksek GD&amp;T \u015eekil Kontrollerinden biridir ancak nadiren tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullan\u0131l\u0131r. M\u00fchendislerin tamamen \u00fcretilebilir par\u00e7alar olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in bu kontrol\u00fcn di\u011fer toleranslarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fimde bulundu\u011funu anlamalar\u0131 gerekir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Do\u011frusall\u0131k ile Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda:<\/strong> Y\u00fczeyin tamam\u0131 yerine yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczey \u00fczerindeki tek bir \u00e7izgi eleman\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmeniz gerekiyorsa, <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/dogrusallik-gd-t\/\">Do\u011frusall\u0131k<\/a> kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Paralellik ile Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda:<\/strong> Y\u00fczeyin bir referans datuma g\u00f6re y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol etmeniz gerekiyorsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bir masa tablas\u0131n\u0131 zemine paralel tutmak), <strong>Paralellik<\/strong> kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Y\u00fczey P\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda:<\/strong> Y\u00fczeyin makro d\u00fczeydeki \u015fekli yerine mikroskobik p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc veya dokusunu kontrol etmeniz gerekiyorsa, <strong>Y\u00fczey P\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong>&nbsp; kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ili\u015fkili kontroller hakk\u0131nda daha derinlemesine bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in, Xometry Pro teknik k\u00fct\u00fcphanesindeki <a href=\"https:\/\/xometry.pro\/tr\/makaleler\/gdt-geometrik-boyutlandirma-ve-toleranslandirma-nedir\/\">Geometrik Boyutland\u0131rma ve Toleransland\u0131rma<\/a> hakk\u0131ndaki kapsaml\u0131 k\u0131lavuzumuzu inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2899,"featured_media":138880,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[],"c-tag-articles":[],"global-tag":[701],"class_list":["post-139607","articles","type-articles","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","global-tag-tasarim"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.7 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>GD&amp;T\u2019de D\u00fczlemsellik: Tan\u0131m\u0131, \u00d6nemi ve Uygulamalar\u0131 | Xometry Pro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kapsaml\u0131 m\u00fchendislik k\u0131lavuzumuzla GD&amp;T\u2019de D\u00fczlemsellik (Flatness) konusunda uzmanla\u015f\u0131n. 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